Vetoquinol Universal Registration Document 2019

74   Vetoquinol  Universal Registration Document 2019  Financial report 6 CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Notes to the consolidated financial statements 6.5.10 Other purchases and external expenses €000 2019 2018 General subcontracting 9,001 7,469 Lease and rental payments (*) 1,656 6,226 Maintenance 4,655 4,281 Insurance 1,004 1,121 Analyses and research 2,577 1,770 Third-party staff 1,726 1,782 Fees and commissions paid to intermediaries 19,689 16,851 Advertising, publications, public relations 14,210 13,380 Freight and collective transportation of staff 8,051 7,474 Business travel and entertainment 12,548 12,013 Postage and telecommunications 1,738 1,661 Royalties on concessions, patents, licenses, trademarks, etc. 1,563 1,554 Other external services 2,284 2,345 Miscellaneous 740 736 TOTAL 81,442 78,662 (*) In 2019, €4,938,000 was deducted from leases in line with the IFRS 16 restatement (commercial, vehicle and hardware leases). The remaining balance corres- ponds to short-term leases excluded from the scope of IFRS 16. IFRS 16 establishes a single model for lessee recognition of leases, whereby a right-of-use asset is recognized under assets and a lease liability under liabilities. On the income statement, the lessee recognizes depreciation and interest charges. 6.5.11 Staff costs €000 2019 2018 Wages and salaries 90,323 84,826 Social security charges (*) 29,115 27,625 Severance pay 2,312 2,059 Provisions for employee benefits (Note 6.5.30) 1,002 725 Employee long-term benefits – actuarial gains and losses recognized to P/L 67 16 Expenses on grants of stock options - - Expenses on grants of bonus shares - 75 TOTAL EMPLOYEE BENEFITS 122,818 115,325 (*) The cost of defined contribution pension plans is included in total social security charges.